October 24, 2008
Causes of Acne
* And you know Constipation also causes of acne. If your bowels are not normal, poor digestion of oil and it create to acne.
* Dirty hair and scalp with dandruff are also accountable for the development of acne, so it has to stay hair and scalp clean.
* And you know that emotional disorder can disturb digestive and endocrine functions, leading to inefficient digestion of oils and potential raise in skin oil, which in turn, cause of acne.
* Acne worsens in constant worry and premenstrual period due to hormonal changes and disproportion. According to Ayurveda acne during the menstruation is due to warmth in the body.
* Acne is provoked due to food that you consume, like milk products, chocolate, hydrogenated oils, sugar, liver, cheese, iodized salt, crabs, nuts, fats, fried and oily foods etc.
* A number of foods such as eggs; papaya, etc are allergic to a number of people which in turn outcome in acne.
* Heredity plays a very significant role in case of acne. The causative issue from the genes of father and blood of mother comes to their children and causes of acne.
* Unsatisfactory sleep is also accountable for growth of acne so it is must to have absolute sleep.
* Over procedure of cosmetics, which are made up of destructive chemicals, create skin complaint like acne and some others.
* Hormones are a significant feature to be seen in case of acne. Acne is seen more during the adolescence or puberty. Here hormone Testosterone is accountable for the circumstance of acne, this hormone is created by both the genders male and female.
* Inappropriate removal of the dirt from the face. Appropriate washing of the face is very significant, as dirt when accumulate along with sebum under the skin, it causes of pimples.
* Pinching pimples raises inflammation and worsen the circumstance as pimples are combination of oil (sebum) and dead skin cells.
* More than a few drugs as well as contraceptive pills and corticosteroids are also accountable to create acne as it makes hormonal inequity.
* Procedure oil based cosmetics. Too much oil gets combined with dead skin cells and forms acne. So try to keep away from more usage of oily cosmetics.
How to get rid of Acne
There are a lot of ways to keep away from the acne circumstance and to get rid of acne. One of this is to keep away from definite foods that cause the pimples. These foods contain fried foods, fatty foods, junk foods, spicy foods and nuts. And you know that milk products may also reason the acne circumstance. One more important thing is hygiene circumstance. It is most significant issue to get rid of acne and for this, one has to wash the face appropriately. The dandruff on the head may also give increase to acne. They block the normal openings of the skin on the face and hence, cause of acne.
Do not still attempt to squeeze or pinch the pimple as doing this will be such as bowing seeds for other pimples. One more thing is to be remembered is doing the make up. Try to keep away from oil based cosmetics and also muddy cosmetics. Try to substitute them with herbal cosmetics, which are measured to be safer for the skin. A number of of the medicines such as oral contraceptive pills may cause of pimples. If they are so, one should give up taking that and should discover any other alternatives.
Researches reveal that certain mental circumstance may also add producing the acne in an important manner. Stress, tension and anxiety are well known issues producing acne. Taking enough sleep and being in happy mood may help decreasing the acne. Acne are not to be covered tightly, they are to be given a fresh air and are to be covered quietly when you require going outside. Try to stay pimples away from pollution, dirt and dusty atmosphere.
Read more on Acne Treatment and Acne and Pimple Cream
Number of health condition that can affect the lives of many males, one is known as Erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction normally refers to the disability to get a satisfactory erection of the penis for satisfactory sexual activity. This situation has also been called as impotence. However, an erectile dysfunction is more frequently seen in men who are older than 65, but it can take place at any age.
Here is some of the most significant factor that can have an effect on the reproductive system of the men causing erectile dysfunction.
There remedies for erectile dysfunction, erectile dysfunction drugs, erectile dysfunction cure, erectile dysfunction herbs, impotence, premature ejaculation, Loss of sexual desire , Stress, sexual desire is a clear bigger threat of erectile dysfunction as people produce in their lives, confirm one of the studies at nutrition and epidemiology department at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston. There is a method to stoppage the onset of erectile dysfunction, and that is important.
These ways match powerfully with ways to prevent or stoppage other chronic health troubles such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. That means males require relying on the old methods of exercising, keeping their body lean and keep away from smoking.
There will be an age dependent raise but, also, alteration of threat issues can affect one’s sexual function. Losing weight, quitting smoking and doing more exercise are connected with better sexual health and sexual activities. This was exposed by experts of Male Sexual Health, fertility and Microsurgery at New York University Medical Center.
Erectile dysfunction is a regretful difficulty for both; the man and his partner to endure, as sex is a natural and most likely mandatory part of today’s life. This difficulty can take its toll on men’s confidence and can discourage a partner from wanting to take a sexual activity in her mate. What here, significant to note, is that erectile dysfunction require not be a very serious medical problem. An infrequent difficulty to retain an erection is ordinary and a lot of cases of treating erectile dysfunction in sexual treatment contain trouble in the relationship, which can be resolved by talking feelings out.
If erectile dysfunction leftovers for longer than 2 months then it can be measured as a serious problem and it requires a doctor appointment. Contrary to what a number of of the people believe, sexual desire will not go away with higher age and men who are fit and energetic should not be experiencing problems with erectile dysfunction particularly if they want a better sexual life.
Viagra, boasted as a miracle drug, is one that has a number of unfortunate side effects as other allopathic medicines do have. There are number of ways, which a man can do to stop erectile dysfunction from rising without seeking drug treatments, surgery or mechanical devices as some men have chosen.
Psychological is suggested by sexual experts only if erectile dysfunction is caused by a number of troubles such as stress, anxiety or depression. Or else, effective prevention remedies for erectile dysfunctions are relatively simple. These simpler methods contain regular exercise and definite methods that can lead to better health.
If a man is smoking, he should get rid of this deadly habit. Researchers say that even alcohol, other instruction or illegal drugs might have to be limited so that the body can recuperate. Usually, performing certain exercise often helps to prevent erectile dysfunction and get better body health in many other ways as well. Appropriate and improved dieting may also be suggested, with more fruits and vegetables, which can act as natural aphrodisiacs. They are also less in sugar and fats. Some of the naturopaths recommend rising the hours of your sleep routine may also help your body to relax and relieve some extra anxiety.
Erectile dysfunction can be treated in a safer way and you can almost certainly keep away from the use of any medication. Impotence is treated by doctors according to its fundamental cause. The following method are usually adopted –
* Counseling – Most of the men do not undergo from impotence itself but they undergo from either depression or nervousness that causes the impotence. A good counselor with excellent communication abilities can put them at no difficulty and more confident about their sexual activities. During the process, the cooperation of opposite partner is also very vital.
* Medication – A number of of the medications are skillful to treat erectile dysfunction.
* Correction – If the erectile dysfunction is because of a physical deficiency in the male organ – penis; such as the male organ curve, then this case is usually treated surgically.
They are as follow –
* Trazodone
* Sildenafil citrate or widely known as Viagra
* Yohimbine hydrochloride
* Dopamine
* Serotonin
Most of these medicines work by the mechanism that allows the male organ to become distended with blood and therefore, cause an erection. However, there are some groups of experts, who say that these medicines work by a placebo effect, i.e. they will make patient to believe that the medicines will work, rather than actually producing any pathological outcome.
Vacuum pump for penis
This is an outside vacuum pump, which will create an engorged penis with achievement attractively approaching about 90 percent. Here, a penis ring will keep up this state, although it must be removed later than not more than half hour. The erection is not as rigid or as hard as compared to a natural erection; drugs or injections, when they work, may be preferred. Numbers of researches have shown that the level of approval of users and their partners to be vary variable, even when medicines and injections do not work; according to one study, about 20 percentages of men who tried a high-priced pump decided to proceed to buy one. Other studies give you an idea about higher percentages of satisfied users.
In number cases, usual and recurrent use of these vacuum pumps can finally get better the degree of erection of the penis possible without use of the pump. However, claims of cheap "penis pumps" that they will lastingly increase the utmost penis size should be viewed with caution.
Although most of the males experience episodes of erectile dysfunction from time to time, he can take number of these steps to reduce the events of erectile dysfunctions –
* He should exercise on a regular basis.
* Keep away from and decrease stressors and so stress
* Sufficient sleep and rest.
* He should deal gently with depression.
* Keep away from the use of alcohol and any other similar drugs.
* Avoid smoking.
* He should see the doctor for standard check-up.
* He should contain number of dairy products that work as natural aphrodisiacs.
Read more on Erectile Dysfunction and Impotence
October 23, 2008
One of life’s most common physically and mentally draining occurrences for men who like their tipple is the hangover.
Getting a hangover is something that can hamper even the emotional aspect of a man’s life, if it happens too frequently and especially if he happens to wake up with one on a working day or an important occasion in his life.
Sometimes it can be due to the unavoidable excitement and rush of being with buddies and downing a few extra beers over the personally acceptable limit because you don’t want to be a ‘spoilsport’ or else it can occur due to mixing alcoholic drinks (a strict no-no, any experienced partygoer will tell you). Whatever the reason for the hangover, just because the specials during Happy Hours are too good to be true, it’s really not smart to let-up and ruin your day, guys!
In fact, getting a hangover during the festive season is doubly limiting as it tends to take away from a lot of the fun you could be having generally partying and meeting new women – things that don’t go down too well with a woozy head. So, learning ways to conquer the hangover and recover from it fast is one clever way to beat the blues that follow and ensure the nausea doesn’t spill over too long.
For, there’s nothing more annoying than knowing there’s a world of happening stuff to deal with and be stuck in bed with the after-effects of throwing-up bouts and sleepiness that follow a hangover.
The next time you are drink-happy, remember to eat for equilibrium. This means keeping a balance between snacking and the drinks you intake, for taking alcohol on an empty stomach or along with desserts tend to up the likelihood of a hangover occurring big-time, so its advisable to avoid these.
Drink a lot of water the next day to reduce the after-effects of the dehydration that occurs after an alcoholic binge and avoid that sickly feeling by upping your intake of natural fruit and vegetable juices like orange, tomato and even sports drinks as these help to replenish various vitamins, including A, B (chiefly B6) and C so your body starts functioning at normal levels.
Avoid deep fried foods and reach for the fruit bowl to recover from a hangover quickly and effectively as this injects the much-needed vitamins back into your body.
Read more on Hangover and Stress Tea
October 22, 2008
Acne scarring take place when the observable remnants of acne are enduringly left on the skin after the acne itself subsides. Acne frequently leaves small scar where the skin gets a "volcanic" shape. Bodily acne scare are frequently referred to as "ice pick" scars. This is because the scars are liable to cause indentation in the skin surface areas.
Acne scaring is caused by a number of reasons. When acne is created on the skin as a response to sebum, the body may effort to target the inflammation with white blood cells, thus scar tissue will show. It’s imperative to note that simple mark will frequently fade away within months.
Types of acne scarring there are 2 types of acne scarring. They are Atrophic scarring and Hypertrophic. The later outcome in a development tissue while the former is accountable for loss of tissue. Atrophic scarring is ordinary and is further classified as thus:
* Follicular macular atrophy - This consists in small, slightly raised lesions, similar in look to white heads.
* Atrophic macules - These are small bluish whitish skin colourations and are usually less noticeable than other types of scarring.
* Depressed fibrotic scars - These are huge depressed valley on the surface of the skin. They are typically jagged.
* Soft scar - These are mild, scar similar to depression in the skin. They are frequently small, and either circular or linear.
* Ice-pick scars - These less severe versions of miserable fibrotic scars and with time they can build up into them.
Acne Scarring Treatment
The most excellent way to treat acne scarring is to start early and continue as long as it’s essential. There is however, a lot of treatment accessible when treating acne scarring. While we are used to the conventional means of treating acne, we are rapid to forget its continual breakdown to solve the problem enduringly. The outcome is typically evident just for few weeks and you are faced with the same problem over once more. Worthy of note is the side effect created by these products.
Read more on Acne Scarring Treatment and Beauty care Herbal Products
One reason that scarring is a potential outcome of a bout with acne is that when acne begins, we often either do not take it seriously or we are so overwhelmed by it that the rush to get relief does not take into account also preventing scars before they happen. It is simple to go into panic mode when the youngster in your house gets that first pimple. To a youngster, this is nothing less than a full scale communal nightmare. And as youngsters take everything hard, you often have as much of a difficulty with getting your acne patient to calm down and consider reasonably about how to beat this thing as you do in finding a good solution to the problem.
It is a delicate procedure to guide youngster through the war on acne because the entrance of the disease creates a trauma in the fragile self concept issues most young teens have. But the earlier that you can get your youngster to the point that they understand that they are about to enter a war with acne and that they are going to have to hunker down for war, the faster he or she will prevail in the battle. There are going to be a number of "harsh realities" that the youngster will have to face and a number of realities that are encouraging to him or her including.
Acne can be packed down but you have to fight it with all you have. To beat acne, you have to seem at diet and get rid of junk food, fatty snacks and soft drinks. It is no longer immediately what mom and dad want. It is a matter of the look and health of your skin, not to talk about your social life. Top beat acne, every day washing and care for the skin are not optional. It is necessary. Acne scarring does not take place to everyone. A lot of young people survive acne with no adverse affect on their looks. Acne scarring is likely and the most excellent solution is prevention through smart handling of your acne so you beat it earlier than it gets that far. . To win at beating acne will need one word that teenagers don’t like - discipline.
By making the avoidance of scarring as much of a goal in the fight next to acne as the resolution of the difficulty, that will collision how the patient handles the acne and the care he or she will take with the skin throughout the procedure. A lot of young people beat the acne but have to endure the scars because they would not refrain from opening the blemishes, from touching the skin and from handling the affected area wrongly.
The primary weapon for the acne sufferer and for you the parents is knowledge. The more you know about how acne scarring happens, the more you can do early on to help your teenager keep away from that problem even later than the acne is gone. And if you work as a team with your childhood to beat the difficulty and stop the scars of the battle, that will be a partnership that you both of will be proud of for life.
Read more on Acne Scars Best Treatment and Skin Care Herbal Products
Having a Beautiful skin is everything for ladies from the distant past till today. Unexpectedly the modern guys have become metro sexual in that they want to do all the crazy things women do for beauty.
Skin being the main body organ, it is imperative that we take good care of it by consumption balanced diet, observing proper hygiene and using the care products that were particularly made for our type of skin.
This vital organ being on the outer side of the body is uncovered to very a lot of threads of infection such as skin allergy, acne, insect bites, burns and scalds, bruises among others.
These dangers may ruin the natural look of the skin leaving it with ugly scars, pimples, spots, or just marks that interfere with our self esteem and therefore we fail to love our images the way we should.
Among these skin a threat, acne is the most rampant and a lot of has suffered greatly trying to clear it away but, in vain. It is not all those cures suggested by doctors will work for you in fact; all of them may fail you.
I do not want to discourage you but it is the truth, a number of people thrash about with this problem forever. The essential step is for you to make sure that you stay patient and strong in character no matter how bad your acne gets.
With both genders dying to have a healthy looking skin that is soft, elastic with fair complexion, it is therefore significant for you to grab some of these skin tips and try them.
So here follows the Beautiful Skin Tips:
The skin on your lips requirements extra care too to keep away from dryness and cracking which at times leads to bleeding. To keep away from this, use almond oil frequently for a month.
Your hands
To keep away from rough skin on your hands, use rubber gloves when washing dishes and apply generous amounts of rich lotion on your hands throughout the day.
Your feet
Maintain the skin on your feet looking good-looking and healthy by using pumice stone when bathing then apply a moisturizing cream. Have a pedicure every two weeks in a month.
Your face
Cast out dull, dry and ashy skin that is common during the cold weather season with a deep cleanse facial that improve your skin’s elasticity.
This facial differs from the usual one in that a collage film that firms up your skin is used as well an exfoliating enzyme that decreased dead skin as it penetrates deep into your skin.
Bioactive extracts with antibacterial properties are also used to extremely moisturize your skin and prevent dullness.
A rich mask that is applied at the end of the facial has an extra moisturizing result that leaves your face soft and glowing.
Cleanse your skin two times a day with a facial cleanser suitable for your skin type, a toner and a cream to restore moisture and elasticity and a sunscreen to defend your skin from premature wrinkling. Make definite your skin glow this year by having usual facials.
Read more on Beautiful Skin Tips and Acne Problems
Acne can be hard for anyone to deal with. It seems it strikes at probably the worst time in people’s life’s effecting the younger generation where looks are important, when they have just reached puberty. Acne can affect adults although it’s more common in younger people, mostly teenagers.
Treating acne is not for all time simple but a number of of the best acne treatments can be found naturally. Acne can be firm to deal with, as well as the physical manifestation it can also have a huge effect on confidence and self esteem. In a number of severe cases acne victims may keep on in-doors and not want to leave their houses.
The core difficulty to acne is hormones, high levels of male and female hormones typically during puberty cause creation of oil in the glands to be secreted. This causing bacterium to build up in the skins pores along with a blockage which can lead to large red spots or pimples.
Applying over the counter creams typically has little results. This is because they are simply surface deep. A number of antibiotics can be successful but these can be toxic to the liver and need normal tests. Your physician may not be enthusiastic on prescribe these. Normally ointments creams and washes have little outcome if any.
What seems as a break from side to side in treating acne is a whole natural approach. Thousands have cleared their skins and consider Acne Free in three Days the best acne treatment available. Although its name sounds rather far fetched its capability to clear acne seems very imposing. A lot of people have seen important improvements in as little as one week to a month.
So how does acne free in three Days work and why are people saying it’s the best acne treatment? Well, initially your body is controlled by chemicals. Hormones encourage the creation of oil and toxins which cause acne. The liver plays an important part in how toxins are handled. Combating acne by natural means can manage these levels with tried and tested methods decreasing acne considerably. Consumptions various natural products and blends of ingredients explain in the acne Free in three days guide have been having extraordinary effects which counter act the toxins which cause acne.
A natural acne treatment is more in tune with your body also, as apposed to synthetic drugs and extra medication. A good number antibiotics and drugs though, do come from natural extract. A lot of acne sufferers have found acne free in three-day far more effective than other treatments.
Read more on Natural Acne Treatment and Acne Home remedies
October 21, 2008
For those not in the identify, libido is just defined as the wish or ad additional factor that cause this difficulty contain iatrogenic causes, which are the ones that take place out of using or ingesting definite medications to copulate or have sex, which is why it is also referred to as sex drive. From time to time, there is a decrease in the strength of sex drive or libido for both men and women for a variety of reasons. The saying goes that sex isn’t a difficulty, until there is a difficulty and the actuality is that a healthy man should have a strong libido throughout his life, well into his final years.
There are a number of factors that can contribute or be the direct cause for the loss of a man’s libido. These issues range from starting psychological to the physiological and from environmental to biological. Here seem at these causes one by one:
- Psychological Causes of Reduction - Libido in Men: Stress and anxiety are among the leading causes for loss of libido among males. Although these can be an after result of depression, depression by itself is sufficient on its own to bring about be short of of interest in sexual activity. Providentially, such problems can be without difficulty countered through counseling or anti-depression medicine.
- Physiological Causes of Reduction - Libido in Men: One of the biggest reasons for low male libido anywhere in the world is obesity. Obesity points to high body fat levels particularly in the mid-section or belly region. It is this fat that causes the body to let go a hormone which converts testosterone into estrogen, which to condition the noticeable causes reduced libido. One more reason that will lower your sex drive is be short of of exercise. This is because little or no work out can reason your testosterone levels to plummet and with that come a loss of libido as well. Separately from these, general weakness or illness along with sleep disorders can also be credited to harmful the male libido. Other reasons that cause this difficulty include iatrogenic causes, which are the ones that take place out of using or ingesting definite medication.
-Environmental Causes of Reduction - Libido in Men: Studies have show that continual exposure to certain negative environmental factors such as loud noises, bright lights, pollution etc. causes stress which in turn causes reduction of a man’s libido.
-Biological Causes of Reduction - Libido in Men: Oftentimes, a man may not be aware of the reality that he is infected with a number of malady or disease. In these cases, a loss in his sex drive or libido is a good pointer to the fact that something is wrong with him. In such instances where there is no apparent cause for loss of libido, it’s pertinent to consult a doctor at the earliest.
On a concluding note, your loss of libido could also be credited to a totally loss of attention in your partner. But here too, you can fix the difficulty by finding ways to spice up your love life. So no matter what the problem, it’s significant to understand that decrease of male libido is a hurdle that can be without difficulty overcome. Having said this, the right way of going about things would be to eat right, work out and keep on healthy in the primary place in order to keep away from libido loss in total!
Read more on Libido in Men and Sleep Disorders
One of the extremely common sexual problem of men and the source of their frustration is premature ejaculation. It is a situation where men cannot keep up or control ejaculation and ejaculates too near the beginning before his partner reaches orgasm leaving women dissatisfied and unhappy throughout sexual intercourse. If this is for all time the scenario in most of your sexual intercourse, then you require to find ways to put an end to premature ejaculation before it could in actuality damage your sex life and your association with your partner. Premature ejaculation and sexual dissatisfaction could very much affect a link. Sexual dissatisfaction is one cause for relationship troubles and break-ups. Women are left wanting and unhappy throughout lovemaking and men sense that they are insufficient to give what their woman wants leading to low self-esteem. Knowledge how to put an end to premature ejaculation will help you accomplish an additional satisfying sex life.
This is a very frustrating situation for men. Lovemaking typically becomes an irritation when premature ejaculation occurs. Throughout lovemaking, you and your partner are making a relationship leading to a stronger relationship. With regards to new relations, lovemaking is a vital part for building a lasting relationship. But if there are troubles all through sexual intercourse, the relationship might undergo.
There are traditions to put an end to premature ejaculation and keep your relationship. Of course the primary step is getting specialized help. You require talking to your doctor or sex therapist about your situation and for you to know the probable solution to put an end to premature ejaculation.
Ejaculate earlier than the sexual intercourse. This strategy can help you last longer throughout lovemaking. Later than the primary ejaculation, it is easier to hold and manage the next ejaculation. Most men claim that it is not easy to have multiple ejaculations in a short period of time, so later than the first ejaculation; it will take time to get a next orgasm.
Premature ejaculation is not a physical difficulty but it is more of a psychological situation. You cannot handle an unexpected jolt of excitement during sexual intercourse most important to premature ejaculation. To help you handle your excitement, learn to divert your mind or stay it busy on other things to keep away from over excitement and premature ejaculation.
These days, there are almost many traditions to put an end to premature ejaculation. Did you know that there are men who get rid of premature ejaculation enduringly? This is a curable sexual dysfunction; you just have to find the accurate cure that will work for you. By knowing and identify the symptoms near the beginning on, you are definite that the sexual dysfunction will be cure early on if you make the essential steps to curb the dysfunction.
Make definite to visit your physician and look for instant medical help if you suspect that you are having troubles with your ejaculation. Do not be uncomfortable, as it’s not a laughing matter to be pain premature ejaculation. Be familiar with that you can require help and that your medical situation will soon to pass. Boost your sexual performance by getting instant medical notice now.
Read more on sexual Performance and Sexual Problem of Men
A testosterone deficiency could charge you your life. As if bone density, losing muscle mass and your sex drive to low T levels was not really so bad enough, innovative research shows the reject can also raise your threat of prostate cancer, heart disease, and still death. Go behind these five steps to lift your levels and grow longer your life.
Tip1:- Make Your Biceps
Finnish researchers lately originate that men who lifted weights on a regular basis experienced a 49% boost in their free testosterone levels. If you build stronger your muscles, the quantity of testosterone your body produced develop. You require pushing iron only two times a week to see the benefit. For a 6 week muscle table, obtain the MH Challenge.
Tip2:- Expose your Abs
As your waist dimension goes up, your testosterone goes downward. In reality, a 4point raise in your body mass index about 30 additional pounds on a 5′10" guy can go faster your age associated T reject by 10 years. For a diet that all help maintain your gut in check, try the new TNT Diet.
Tip3:-Avoid Stress
Mental or physical stress can rapidly discourage your T levels. Stress reasons cortisol to surge, which "suppresses the body’s aptitude to create testosterone and make use of it within tissues". Cardio can be a huge tension tamer, unless you go beyond it. Injuries and fatigue are symbols that your exercise is more probable to lower T than raise it.
Tip4:-Push left from the Bar
Happy hour can wreak havoc on your masculine hormones. In a current Dutch revise, men who drank reasonable amounts of alcohol on a daily basis for 3 weeks experienced a 7 percent reduce in their testosterone levels. Maximum value you’re drinking to 1 or 2 glasses of beer or wine a night time to keep away from a drop in T.
Tip5:-Fill Up On Fat
Trimming lard from your diet can help you keep on lean, but eliminating all fat can reason your T levels to plummet. An article published in the International Journal of Sports Medicine reveals that men who intake the most fat also had the highest T levels. To defend your heart and protect you are T, consume foods high in monounsaturated fats food such as fish and nuts.
Read more on Men’s Health Fitness and Low Sex Drive